Let’s explore morning sickness, a condition that challenges many pregnant women.
Morning sickness affects 70–80% of pregnant women in early pregnancy, causing nausea and vomiting that can significantly impact daily life. It typically begins between weeks 4 and 6 of pregnancy and subsides between weeks 12 and 16, though some women experience symptoms throughout their entire pregnancy. Severe cases can make proper nutrition difficult and require careful management.
The exact cause of morning sickness remains unclear, but hormonal changes are considered a primary factor. The rapid increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and estrogen during early pregnancy is believed to contribute to the condition.
Metabolic changes and heightened sensitivity of the nervous system due to pregnancy can also trigger morning sickness. Some studies suggest that reduced gastric motility and psychological factors may play a role.
The main symptoms of morning sickness include nausea and vomiting, often more pronounced in the morning, leading to the term “morning sickness.” However, symptoms can persist throughout the day or be triggered by specific food odors. In severe cases, difficulty eating can result in weight loss and dehydration, necessitating medical attention.
Adjusting eating habits is one of the most effective ways to manage morning sickness. Long periods without food can worsen nausea, so eating small, frequent meals is recommended. Choosing mild, easily digestible foods over greasy or spicy options may help. Some studies indicate that ginger tea or lemon water can also alleviate symptoms. Proper hydration is essential, and consuming sparkling water or ice can help prevent dehydration caused by vomiting.
Adequate rest and stress management are crucial in reducing morning sickness symptoms. Avoiding excessive fatigue and ensuring sufficient sleep can be beneficial. Fresh air and light physical activity, such as short walks, may also provide relief. Vitamin B6 supplements or doctor-prescribed medications may be necessary in more severe cases.
Morning sickness usually improves as pregnancy progresses, but in extreme cases, it can develop into hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition that may require hospitalization due to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Consulting a healthcare provider is recommended if symptoms are severe or interfere with daily life.
